GUIDELINES FOR A COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY
館藏發展政策的指導方針
USING THE CONSPECTUS MODEL
大鋼的模式
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
Section on Acquisition and Collection Development
國際圖書館協會聯合會和機構科在採集和館藏發展
2001
Foreword 前言
This booklet is a brief guide on how to write a collection development policy, making use of the Conspectus methodology.
這本小冊子是短暫的在怎樣去寫館收藏發展方針的指南,概論方法的利用
It is the result of the recognition by the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section that its worldwide members lacked a handy introduction to this important subject.
這是認識的結果從採集和國際圖聯和館藏發展科學是全球成員需要方便介紹這重要的問題
The guide is intended to be of particular value to staff new to collection development and in areas where there is little written tradition of collection development.
指南的目的是具有特殊價值去配置新的館藏發展和一些地區是幾乎沒有館藏發展的傳統書面
We hope that it will be of practical use to librarians setting out on the sometimes daunting task of writing a collection development policy.
我們希望這將是實際使用圖書館設置上在館藏發展方針有時是艱鉅任務
The booklet was written by Dora Biblarz with the assistance of other members of the A&CD Standing Committee: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker.
這本小冊子是由Dora Biblarz和A&CD Standing Committee其他成員: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker協助下所寫
The text is also available, in both English and French, on the IFLA website at http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14.
這篇文章是可以得到英文版和法文版,在國際圖聯的網站http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14
Standing Committee of the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section
March 2001
常務委員會的IFLA採集和收集發展科2001年3月
Contents 目錄
Why a written collection development policy? 為何要寫館藏發展方針? 1
Selection 選擇
Planning 規劃
Public relations 公共關係
The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
Collection development policy elements 館藏發展政策要點 2
Introduction 導言
General statements 大會發言
Narrative statements 敘事聲明
Subject profiles 主題簡介
Collection evaluation methods 館藏評價方法
Collection depth indicators 館藏深度指標
Language codes 語言代碼
Policy implementation and revision timetables 政策的執行和修訂時間表
Appendix 1 附錄1
WLN/OCLC Conspectus Divisions WLN / OCLC的概論 6
Appendix 2 附錄2
Conspectus collection depth indicator definitions 館藏深度指標概論定義 7
Bibliography 目錄 10
GUIDELINES for a COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY, using the CONSPECTUS model
館藏發展政策的指導方針,用大鋼的模式
WHY A WRITTEN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY?
為何要寫館藏發展方針
The library’s primary task is to select, maintain, and provide access to relevant and representative information resources.
圖書館的主要任務是選擇，維護，並提供相關和代表信息資源
Due to technological developments, libraries are, in the main, moving from holdings (‘just in case’) to access (‘just in time’) strategies.
由於技術的發展，圖書館是，在主要、移動從把持(「以防萬一」)至接近(「準時」)
This implies that collecting policies are significantly changing and that libraries need to disseminate widely information on their collecting policies.
這意味著，館藏政策的顯著變化和圖書館需要廣大傳播在於他們的信息收集政策
A policy statement is a kind of framework and set of parameters within which staff and users work.
政策聲明是一種框架和一套參數沒有工作人員和用戶管理
It serves many functions beyond being merely a tool for selection of materials.
它供應許多職能超越只不過是工具在於材料選擇。
In addition to describing current collections, it forces the staff involved to (re)consider the aims and objectives of the organization, both long and short term, and the priorities to be attached to different activities.
除了描述當前的館藏，它迫使館員參與考慮的目標和宗旨的組織，以長期和短期的,優先被貼上的不同活動。
It assists with budgeting, serves as communication channel within a library and between the library and outside constituents, supports cooperative collection development, prevents censorship, and assists in overall collection management activities, including the handling of gifts, deselection of materials and serial cancellations.
它協助與預算編制，充當通信渠道在沒有圖書館和圖書館外界組成之間,支持合作館藏發展，阻礙檢查，並協助在館藏管理活動，包括處理禮品、材料的取消選擇和連串取消。
The main reasons for having a written collection development policy can be put under four broad headings:
寫館藏發展政策的主要原因有以下四個標題:
1. Selection 選擇
The primary function of a written collection development policy is to provide guidance to staff when selecting and deselecting (printed and electronic) resources for the local collection.
寫館藏發展政策的主要功能是提供指導配置當選擇和取消（印刷和電子）資源給地方館藏。
The document serves as a guideline for each stage of materials handling.
文件作為一個準則從材料處理的每一階段
It might cover the selection, acquisition, processing, housing, weeding, retention, preservation (archiving in case of electronic resources), relegation and discard of all types of library material in the relevant subjects, with reference to specified levels of collection depth and breadth.
它可能覆蓋選擇，採集，加工，遮蓋，除錯，保留，保存（電子資源的歸檔情況）所有類型的圖書館資料降級和丟棄在相關科目和指定參考館藏的深度和廣度各級說明
This reduces personal bias by setting individual selection decisions in the context of the aims of collection building practice, and identifies gaps in collection development responsibilities.
這將減少個人偏見被設定個別甄選決定於在館藏發展的責任上的館藏目標範圍內,建設實踐中,並確定了差距
It ensures continuity and consistency in selection and revision.
它確保在選擇和修改的連續性和一致性的
Moreover, it clarifies the purpose and scope of local collections, and allows selection decisions to be evaluated by, for example, identifying what proportion of in-scope published material has been acquired.
此外，它明確的宗旨和地方館藏的範圍，並允許選擇的決定進行評估，例如，範圍內公佈的材料已取得的確定是多少比例。
Such a reference guide reduces the need of selectors to raise recurrent questions, and assists in the training of new staff.
這種提法指導降低需要選擇，提高經常性的問題，並協助培訓新的館員。
It also provides useful information to other library staff whose work is collection based.
它還提供有用的資料至其他圖書館工作人員的工作是收集基礎。
2. Planning 規劃
A policy document provides a sound foundation for future planning, thereby assisting in determining priorities, especially when financial resources are limited.
政策文件提供了良好的基礎為今後的規劃，從而協助 確定優先事項，特別是當財政資源是有限的時候。
This provides a basis for the fair allocation of resources, and helps to protect library funds by explaining the rationale behind acquisitions bids.
這是提供了基礎從資源的平均分配，並有助於保護圖書館的資金被解釋理性得到出價的後面
Having a formal publication to refer to ensures continuity and avoids confusion.
正式出版物是指確保連續性和避免混亂。
Compilation of a formal document is beneficial in itself, in that it involves acquiring knowledge of existing collection strengths, and obliges staff to reflect on the library's goals.
一份正式文件的彙編是有利於本身，因為它涉及取得現有館藏強度的知識，並迫使工作人員，以反映對圖書館的目標。
The stated aims help other collection-related activities such as cataloguing, preservation and storage to form a coherent strategy, and support reader services, for example by identifying areas that are ripe for deselection, or more suitable for inter-library loan, document delivery or Internet access than for acquisition.
該聲明目的是幫助其他收集相關的活動，如編目，保存和存儲，形成統一的戰略，並支持讀者服務，例如通過確定領域的時機已經成熟從不選擇或更適合於圖書館間貸款、文件傳輸或從取得網路使用。
3. Public relations 公共關係
Formal policy statements can be useful in making the case for the library when dealing with both its users, administrators and funding bodies.
正式的政策聲明在制定決策的情況下可能是有用途從在圖書館當處理它的用戶、管理員和供資機構
They support the stated objectives of the organization, demonstrating accountability and commitment to agreed goals.
他們支持組織、表明責任和承諾協定的目標的既定目標
Ideally, the compilation of the document requires the active participation of both users and administrators, thereby improving communication between the library and its clientele.
最理想的,文件的彙編需要用戶和管理員積極參與,從而改善圖書館和讀者的溝通
The policy statement serves as a contract with the library’s users; it has the function to demonstrate to individuals within an institution what they can expect of the library both in form of collections and of services.
政策聲明作為一個和圖書館讀者的契約;它的功能展示給個人沒有機構內,他們可以預期圖書館的都在服務和館藏形式
It enables individual selection decisions to be justified on a standardized basis.
它能夠個人選擇的決定在標準化的基礎是正當理由。
By referring to the official statement, library staff can deflect criticism or censorship arising from special interest groups, and politely but firmly refuse unwanted gifts, sectarian materials or potentially offensive items.
通過認為正式聲明中，圖書館館員可以轉移批評或檢查所產生從特殊利益集團，並禮貌地但堅定地拒絕不想要的禮物、宗派材料或潛在的進攻性項目。
4. The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
As individual libraries are increasingly unable to provide all their services by themselves, they are banding together into cooperatives, alliances and consortia.
個體圖書館漸增加無法提供所有本身的服務，他們正在聯合起來成為合作社，聯盟和聯營
For these ventures to work, there must be mutual knowledge and agreement on which library is collecting what.
對於這些合資圖書館工作,必須相互了解和協議於某一圖書館是收藏什麼
A written collection development policy therefore often serves as a basis for wider cooperation and resource sharing, whether in a locality, region, country, or even internationally.
寫館藏發展政策因此常常以此為基礎從更廣泛的合作和資源共享，無論是在一個地方、地區、國家甚至國際。
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