COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY ELEMENTS
館藏發展方針元素
A. Introduction 介紹
The main reason to write a collection development policy is to prevent the library from being driven by events or by individual enthusiasms and from purchasing a random set of resources, which may not support the mission of the library.
主要原因寫館藏發展方針是防止圖書館從被同樣或個體興趣迫使和從購買規格不一的資源,這些沒可能支持圖書館的使命
Besides, electronic resources are becoming increasingly important to libraries of all types and sizes, and are consuming an ever-increasing share of library budgets.
相比下,電子資源是變成增加重要性至所有類型和大小的圖書館,和是消耗圖書館預算的增加
Therefore, selection decisions concerning electronic information resources should also be made within an explicit collection development policy.
因此,選擇決定關於電子資訊資源應該同樣地被做在詳盡館藏發展方針的範圍內
This might be a separate policy or an integrated one.
這個可能會被分割或被結合成一
The first elements of a collection development policy will be a mission statement of the library, the purpose of this policy and the audience to whom it is addressed.
館藏發展方針的第一元素將會是圖書館的任務說明,這個方針和聽取針對誰的目的
It should also include brief statements about the community or user group(s); description of the types of programs the library collection serves; the size (including number of periodicals, monographic volumes, electronic resources, languages represented) of the collection; a detailed budgetary overview of the money the library will spend on the different types of information resources; and any formal or informal cooperative agreements that affect the collection policy or practices.
這應該同樣地包括短暫說明關於社區或用家組別;圖書館館藏服務程式的類型的描述;館藏的大小(包括期刊、專題冊子、電子資源和語言描述的數量);圖書館所得的細節預算概述將花費在資訊資源的不同類型;和任何正式或非正規合作協議這效果館藏方針或練習
B. General Statements 一般的說明
Here will be listed characteristics that determine the direction of the development of the collection such as: current focus only or also retrospective acquisitions; the resource types (monographs, periodicals, theses, gray literature, maps, etc.); languages; formats (printed, non-print or electronic); special sources of funding (a grant or gift from a donor); the policy regarding gifts and any special policies regarding maintenance (weeding, discarding, preservation) of the collection; and size of the collections.
這裡將被編目列入特性是決定館藏發展方向例如:當時重點,只有或同樣地回顧取得,資源類型(專題論文、期刊、論點、陰暗的文章、地圖等);語言;版本(已印刷、不印刷或電子);資金的特別來源(財產轉移或禮物由贈送人);館藏的方針關於禮物和任何特別方針關於保護(除錯、丟棄、保護);和館藏大小
Other statements can be about how complaints are handled; if there is an equivalent to the "Library Bill of Rights"; about other relevant policies; what limitations exist - what subjects or areas are intentionally not collected etc.
其他說明能關於怎抱怨是操作起來;如這是相等圖書館權利宣言;關於其他有關方針;限制存在-主題或區域是意向不是館藏等
C. Narrative Statements記敘說明
Each institution, including its community and other constituents, is unique.
每個制度,包括社區和其他組成,是唯一的.
Therefore, its policy statements will be unique. The policy statements should reflect this particular library and the community it serves.
因此,它的方針將是唯一的.方針說明應該反映這個特色圖書館和社區服務
Statements should be made of special subject or format collections that represent unique materials and for which special guidelines apply, and which formats are excluded.
說明應該被特別主題或格式館藏的製造表示唯一材料和為了特別指南實行,這些格式不接納
The scope of coverage should be described (languages collected or excluded; geographical areas covered and/or specific areas excluded; chronological periods covered by the collection in terms of intellectual content and in terms of publication dates and specific periods excluded).
覆蓋範圍應該被描寫(語言收集和不接納;地理學區域的隱藏和/或特殊區域不存在;依時間前後記錄時期覆蓋被館藏在智力滿足的期限和在出版日期和特別時期不在在的期限)
Subjects should be described in terms of the library’s classification scheme and subject descriptors.
主題應該版描寫在圖書館分類計畫和主題符號的期限
Library unit or selector responsible for the collection(s).
圖書館單位或選擇者為了館收藏需負責
Other categories of useful local information, such as interdisciplinary relationships; consortial relationships; policies for acquiring access to information.
有用的當地資訊的其他款目,例如各學科間關係;古典樂的關係;方鐸是為了獲得近用資訊
Other factors of local importance.
當地重要的其他因素
D. Subject Profiles主題形象
This section of the policy is based upon collection assessment (also referred to as collection evaluation) and needs periodic updating to reflect progress towards goals or goal revision due to changing circumstances.
這些方針的選擇是基礎根據館藏評估(同樣地版交付如館藏評估)和需要過期上載反映發展前進的目標或目標修訂作適當的改變情況
The preferred presentation is a set of conspectus reports, which include all appropriate collection information.
更好的贈送是一個大綱的報告,包括所有適當的館藏資訊
Conspectus means an overview or summary of collection strength and collecting intensities – arranged by subject, classification scheme, or combination of either, and containing standardized codes for collection or collecting levels and languages of materials collected.
大綱意思是館藏長處和收集強烈的概觀或概括-被主題、分類計晝或任一綜合體和包含統一規則安排為了館藏或館藏級別和材料收集的語言
Such a conspectus is a synopsis of a library’s collection or of a consortium’s or network’s coordinated collection development overview or policy.
這類的大鋼是圖書館館藏或合夥的或網狀系統的合作館藏發展概要或方針的概要
The first conspectus was developed by the Research Libraries Group (RLG) and was subsequently adapted by other groups such as the WLN (Western Library Network).
第一個大鋼被RLG發展和被其他組織接管適宜例如WLN
The information should be provided for each conspectus division (24), category (500) and subject (4000) evaluated by the library.
資訊應該被假設為每個大鋼分配(24),目錄(500)和主題(4000)被圖書館付價
See the Appendix for the list of the 24 Conspectus Divisions.
見附註為24大鋼分配表
The assessment is achieved by a number of steps which include planning, gathering data, assigning collection depth indicators (or levels) and language codes.
評估是被步驟的數字實現包括計劃、聚集數據、分配館藏深度指示物(或級數)和語言規則
This information is used to manage the library's resources and to make other decisions relevant to the general operations.
這資訊是被用管理圖書館的資源和製造其他決定有關一般操作
12/9館發 作業4-1
GUIDELINES FOR A COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY
館藏發展政策的指導方針
USING THE CONSPECTUS MODEL
大鋼的模式
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
Section on Acquisition and Collection Development
國際圖書館協會聯合會和機構科在採集和館藏發展
2001
Foreword 前言
This booklet is a brief guide on how to write a collection development policy, making use of the Conspectus methodology.
這本小冊子是短暫的在怎樣去寫館收藏發展方針的指南,概論方法的利用
It is the result of the recognition by the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section that its worldwide members lacked a handy introduction to this important subject.
這是認識的結果從採集和國際圖聯和館藏發展科學是全球成員需要方便介紹這重要的問題
The guide is intended to be of particular value to staff new to collection development and in areas where there is little written tradition of collection development.
指南的目的是具有特殊價值去配置新的館藏發展和一些地區是幾乎沒有館藏發展的傳統書面
We hope that it will be of practical use to librarians setting out on the sometimes daunting task of writing a collection development policy.
我們希望這將是實際使用圖書館設置上在館藏發展方針有時是艱鉅任務
The booklet was written by Dora Biblarz with the assistance of other members of the A&CD Standing Committee: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker.
這本小冊子是由Dora Biblarz和A&CD Standing Committee其他成員: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker協助下所寫
The text is also available, in both English and French, on the IFLA website at http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14.
這篇文章是可以得到英文版和法文版,在國際圖聯的網站http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14
Standing Committee of the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section
March 2001
常務委員會的IFLA採集和收集發展科2001年3月
Contents 目錄
Why a written collection development policy? 為何要寫館藏發展方針? 1
Selection 選擇
Planning 規劃
Public relations 公共關係
The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
Collection development policy elements 館藏發展政策要點 2
Introduction 導言
General statements 大會發言
Narrative statements 敘事聲明
Subject profiles 主題簡介
Collection evaluation methods 館藏評價方法
Collection depth indicators 館藏深度指標
Language codes 語言代碼
Policy implementation and revision timetables 政策的執行和修訂時間表
Appendix 1 附錄1
WLN/OCLC Conspectus Divisions WLN / OCLC的概論 6
Appendix 2 附錄2
Conspectus collection depth indicator definitions 館藏深度指標概論定義 7
Bibliography 目錄 10
GUIDELINES for a COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY, using the CONSPECTUS model
館藏發展政策的指導方針,用大鋼的模式
WHY A WRITTEN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY?
為何要寫館藏發展方針
The library’s primary task is to select, maintain, and provide access to relevant and representative information resources.
圖書館的主要任務是選擇，維護，並提供相關和代表信息資源
Due to technological developments, libraries are, in the main, moving from holdings (‘just in case’) to access (‘just in time’) strategies.
由於技術的發展，圖書館是，在主要、移動從把持(「以防萬一」)至接近(「準時」)
This implies that collecting policies are significantly changing and that libraries need to disseminate widely information on their collecting policies.
這意味著，館藏政策的顯著變化和圖書館需要廣大傳播在於他們的信息收集政策
A policy statement is a kind of framework and set of parameters within which staff and users work.
政策聲明是一種框架和一套參數沒有工作人員和用戶管理
It serves many functions beyond being merely a tool for selection of materials.
它供應許多職能超越只不過是工具在於材料選擇。
In addition to describing current collections, it forces the staff involved to (re)consider the aims and objectives of the organization, both long and short term, and the priorities to be attached to different activities.
除了描述當前的館藏，它迫使館員參與考慮的目標和宗旨的組織，以長期和短期的,優先被貼上的不同活動。
It assists with budgeting, serves as communication channel within a library and between the library and outside constituents, supports cooperative collection development, prevents censorship, and assists in overall collection management activities, including the handling of gifts, deselection of materials and serial cancellations.
它協助與預算編制，充當通信渠道在沒有圖書館和圖書館外界組成之間,支持合作館藏發展，阻礙檢查，並協助在館藏管理活動，包括處理禮品、材料的取消選擇和連串取消。
The main reasons for having a written collection development policy can be put under four broad headings:
寫館藏發展政策的主要原因有以下四個標題:
1. Selection 選擇
The primary function of a written collection development policy is to provide guidance to staff when selecting and deselecting (printed and electronic) resources for the local collection.
寫館藏發展政策的主要功能是提供指導配置當選擇和取消（印刷和電子）資源給地方館藏。
The document serves as a guideline for each stage of materials handling.
文件作為一個準則從材料處理的每一階段
It might cover the selection, acquisition, processing, housing, weeding, retention, preservation (archiving in case of electronic resources), relegation and discard of all types of library material in the relevant subjects, with reference to specified levels of collection depth and breadth.
它可能覆蓋選擇，採集，加工，遮蓋，除錯，保留，保存（電子資源的歸檔情況）所有類型的圖書館資料降級和丟棄在相關科目和指定參考館藏的深度和廣度各級說明
This reduces personal bias by setting individual selection decisions in the context of the aims of collection building practice, and identifies gaps in collection development responsibilities.
這將減少個人偏見被設定個別甄選決定於在館藏發展的責任上的館藏目標範圍內,建設實踐中,並確定了差距
It ensures continuity and consistency in selection and revision.
它確保在選擇和修改的連續性和一致性的
Moreover, it clarifies the purpose and scope of local collections, and allows selection decisions to be evaluated by, for example, identifying what proportion of in-scope published material has been acquired.
此外，它明確的宗旨和地方館藏的範圍，並允許選擇的決定進行評估，例如，範圍內公佈的材料已取得的確定是多少比例。
Such a reference guide reduces the need of selectors to raise recurrent questions, and assists in the training of new staff.
這種提法指導降低需要選擇，提高經常性的問題，並協助培訓新的館員。
It also provides useful information to other library staff whose work is collection based.
它還提供有用的資料至其他圖書館工作人員的工作是收集基礎。
2. Planning 規劃
A policy document provides a sound foundation for future planning, thereby assisting in determining priorities, especially when financial resources are limited.
政策文件提供了良好的基礎為今後的規劃，從而協助 確定優先事項，特別是當財政資源是有限的時候。
This provides a basis for the fair allocation of resources, and helps to protect library funds by explaining the rationale behind acquisitions bids.
這是提供了基礎從資源的平均分配，並有助於保護圖書館的資金被解釋理性得到出價的後面
Having a formal publication to refer to ensures continuity and avoids confusion.
正式出版物是指確保連續性和避免混亂。
Compilation of a formal document is beneficial in itself, in that it involves acquiring knowledge of existing collection strengths, and obliges staff to reflect on the library's goals.
一份正式文件的彙編是有利於本身，因為它涉及取得現有館藏強度的知識，並迫使工作人員，以反映對圖書館的目標。
The stated aims help other collection-related activities such as cataloguing, preservation and storage to form a coherent strategy, and support reader services, for example by identifying areas that are ripe for deselection, or more suitable for inter-library loan, document delivery or Internet access than for acquisition.
該聲明目的是幫助其他收集相關的活動，如編目，保存和存儲，形成統一的戰略，並支持讀者服務，例如通過確定領域的時機已經成熟從不選擇或更適合於圖書館間貸款、文件傳輸或從取得網路使用。
3. Public relations 公共關係
Formal policy statements can be useful in making the case for the library when dealing with both its users, administrators and funding bodies.
正式的政策聲明在制定決策的情況下可能是有用途從在圖書館當處理它的用戶、管理員和供資機構
They support the stated objectives of the organization, demonstrating accountability and commitment to agreed goals.
他們支持組織、表明責任和承諾協定的目標的既定目標
Ideally, the compilation of the document requires the active participation of both users and administrators, thereby improving communication between the library and its clientele.
最理想的,文件的彙編需要用戶和管理員積極參與,從而改善圖書館和讀者的溝通
The policy statement serves as a contract with the library’s users; it has the function to demonstrate to individuals within an institution what they can expect of the library both in form of collections and of services.
政策聲明作為一個和圖書館讀者的契約;它的功能展示給個人沒有機構內,他們可以預期圖書館的都在服務和館藏形式
It enables individual selection decisions to be justified on a standardized basis.
它能夠個人選擇的決定在標準化的基礎是正當理由。
By referring to the official statement, library staff can deflect criticism or censorship arising from special interest groups, and politely but firmly refuse unwanted gifts, sectarian materials or potentially offensive items.
通過認為正式聲明中，圖書館館員可以轉移批評或檢查所產生從特殊利益集團，並禮貌地但堅定地拒絕不想要的禮物、宗派材料或潛在的進攻性項目。
4. The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
As individual libraries are increasingly unable to provide all their services by themselves, they are banding together into cooperatives, alliances and consortia.
個體圖書館漸增加無法提供所有本身的服務，他們正在聯合起來成為合作社，聯盟和聯營
For these ventures to work, there must be mutual knowledge and agreement on which library is collecting what.
對於這些合資圖書館工作,必須相互了解和協議於某一圖書館是收藏什麼
A written collection development policy therefore often serves as a basis for wider cooperation and resource sharing, whether in a locality, region, country, or even internationally.
寫館藏發展政策因此常常以此為基礎從更廣泛的合作和資源共享，無論是在一個地方、地區、國家甚至國際。
館藏發展政策的指導方針
USING THE CONSPECTUS MODEL
大鋼的模式
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
Section on Acquisition and Collection Development
國際圖書館協會聯合會和機構科在採集和館藏發展
2001
Foreword 前言
This booklet is a brief guide on how to write a collection development policy, making use of the Conspectus methodology.
這本小冊子是短暫的在怎樣去寫館收藏發展方針的指南,概論方法的利用
It is the result of the recognition by the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section that its worldwide members lacked a handy introduction to this important subject.
這是認識的結果從採集和國際圖聯和館藏發展科學是全球成員需要方便介紹這重要的問題
The guide is intended to be of particular value to staff new to collection development and in areas where there is little written tradition of collection development.
指南的目的是具有特殊價值去配置新的館藏發展和一些地區是幾乎沒有館藏發展的傳統書面
We hope that it will be of practical use to librarians setting out on the sometimes daunting task of writing a collection development policy.
我們希望這將是實際使用圖書館設置上在館藏發展方針有時是艱鉅任務
The booklet was written by Dora Biblarz with the assistance of other members of the A&CD Standing Committee: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker.
這本小冊子是由Dora Biblarz和A&CD Standing Committee其他成員: Marie-Joelle Tarin, Jim Vickery and Trix Bakker協助下所寫
The text is also available, in both English and French, on the IFLA website at http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14.
這篇文章是可以得到英文版和法文版,在國際圖聯的網站http://www.ifla.org/VII/s14
Standing Committee of the IFLA Acquisition and Collection Development Section
March 2001
常務委員會的IFLA採集和收集發展科2001年3月
Contents 目錄
Why a written collection development policy? 為何要寫館藏發展方針? 1
Selection 選擇
Planning 規劃
Public relations 公共關係
The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
Collection development policy elements 館藏發展政策要點 2
Introduction 導言
General statements 大會發言
Narrative statements 敘事聲明
Subject profiles 主題簡介
Collection evaluation methods 館藏評價方法
Collection depth indicators 館藏深度指標
Language codes 語言代碼
Policy implementation and revision timetables 政策的執行和修訂時間表
Appendix 1 附錄1
WLN/OCLC Conspectus Divisions WLN / OCLC的概論 6
Appendix 2 附錄2
Conspectus collection depth indicator definitions 館藏深度指標概論定義 7
Bibliography 目錄 10
GUIDELINES for a COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY, using the CONSPECTUS model
館藏發展政策的指導方針,用大鋼的模式
WHY A WRITTEN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY?
為何要寫館藏發展方針
The library’s primary task is to select, maintain, and provide access to relevant and representative information resources.
圖書館的主要任務是選擇，維護，並提供相關和代表信息資源
Due to technological developments, libraries are, in the main, moving from holdings (‘just in case’) to access (‘just in time’) strategies.
由於技術的發展，圖書館是，在主要、移動從把持(「以防萬一」)至接近(「準時」)
This implies that collecting policies are significantly changing and that libraries need to disseminate widely information on their collecting policies.
這意味著，館藏政策的顯著變化和圖書館需要廣大傳播在於他們的信息收集政策
A policy statement is a kind of framework and set of parameters within which staff and users work.
政策聲明是一種框架和一套參數沒有工作人員和用戶管理
It serves many functions beyond being merely a tool for selection of materials.
它供應許多職能超越只不過是工具在於材料選擇。
In addition to describing current collections, it forces the staff involved to (re)consider the aims and objectives of the organization, both long and short term, and the priorities to be attached to different activities.
除了描述當前的館藏，它迫使館員參與考慮的目標和宗旨的組織，以長期和短期的,優先被貼上的不同活動。
It assists with budgeting, serves as communication channel within a library and between the library and outside constituents, supports cooperative collection development, prevents censorship, and assists in overall collection management activities, including the handling of gifts, deselection of materials and serial cancellations.
它協助與預算編制，充當通信渠道在沒有圖書館和圖書館外界組成之間,支持合作館藏發展，阻礙檢查，並協助在館藏管理活動，包括處理禮品、材料的取消選擇和連串取消。
The main reasons for having a written collection development policy can be put under four broad headings:
寫館藏發展政策的主要原因有以下四個標題:
1. Selection 選擇
The primary function of a written collection development policy is to provide guidance to staff when selecting and deselecting (printed and electronic) resources for the local collection.
寫館藏發展政策的主要功能是提供指導配置當選擇和取消（印刷和電子）資源給地方館藏。
The document serves as a guideline for each stage of materials handling.
文件作為一個準則從材料處理的每一階段
It might cover the selection, acquisition, processing, housing, weeding, retention, preservation (archiving in case of electronic resources), relegation and discard of all types of library material in the relevant subjects, with reference to specified levels of collection depth and breadth.
它可能覆蓋選擇，採集，加工，遮蓋，除錯，保留，保存（電子資源的歸檔情況）所有類型的圖書館資料降級和丟棄在相關科目和指定參考館藏的深度和廣度各級說明
This reduces personal bias by setting individual selection decisions in the context of the aims of collection building practice, and identifies gaps in collection development responsibilities.
這將減少個人偏見被設定個別甄選決定於在館藏發展的責任上的館藏目標範圍內,建設實踐中,並確定了差距
It ensures continuity and consistency in selection and revision.
它確保在選擇和修改的連續性和一致性的
Moreover, it clarifies the purpose and scope of local collections, and allows selection decisions to be evaluated by, for example, identifying what proportion of in-scope published material has been acquired.
此外，它明確的宗旨和地方館藏的範圍，並允許選擇的決定進行評估，例如，範圍內公佈的材料已取得的確定是多少比例。
Such a reference guide reduces the need of selectors to raise recurrent questions, and assists in the training of new staff.
這種提法指導降低需要選擇，提高經常性的問題，並協助培訓新的館員。
It also provides useful information to other library staff whose work is collection based.
它還提供有用的資料至其他圖書館工作人員的工作是收集基礎。
2. Planning 規劃
A policy document provides a sound foundation for future planning, thereby assisting in determining priorities, especially when financial resources are limited.
政策文件提供了良好的基礎為今後的規劃，從而協助 確定優先事項，特別是當財政資源是有限的時候。
This provides a basis for the fair allocation of resources, and helps to protect library funds by explaining the rationale behind acquisitions bids.
這是提供了基礎從資源的平均分配，並有助於保護圖書館的資金被解釋理性得到出價的後面
Having a formal publication to refer to ensures continuity and avoids confusion.
正式出版物是指確保連續性和避免混亂。
Compilation of a formal document is beneficial in itself, in that it involves acquiring knowledge of existing collection strengths, and obliges staff to reflect on the library's goals.
一份正式文件的彙編是有利於本身，因為它涉及取得現有館藏強度的知識，並迫使工作人員，以反映對圖書館的目標。
The stated aims help other collection-related activities such as cataloguing, preservation and storage to form a coherent strategy, and support reader services, for example by identifying areas that are ripe for deselection, or more suitable for inter-library loan, document delivery or Internet access than for acquisition.
該聲明目的是幫助其他收集相關的活動，如編目，保存和存儲，形成統一的戰略，並支持讀者服務，例如通過確定領域的時機已經成熟從不選擇或更適合於圖書館間貸款、文件傳輸或從取得網路使用。
3. Public relations 公共關係
Formal policy statements can be useful in making the case for the library when dealing with both its users, administrators and funding bodies.
正式的政策聲明在制定決策的情況下可能是有用途從在圖書館當處理它的用戶、管理員和供資機構
They support the stated objectives of the organization, demonstrating accountability and commitment to agreed goals.
他們支持組織、表明責任和承諾協定的目標的既定目標
Ideally, the compilation of the document requires the active participation of both users and administrators, thereby improving communication between the library and its clientele.
最理想的,文件的彙編需要用戶和管理員積極參與,從而改善圖書館和讀者的溝通
The policy statement serves as a contract with the library’s users; it has the function to demonstrate to individuals within an institution what they can expect of the library both in form of collections and of services.
政策聲明作為一個和圖書館讀者的契約;它的功能展示給個人沒有機構內,他們可以預期圖書館的都在服務和館藏形式
It enables individual selection decisions to be justified on a standardized basis.
它能夠個人選擇的決定在標準化的基礎是正當理由。
By referring to the official statement, library staff can deflect criticism or censorship arising from special interest groups, and politely but firmly refuse unwanted gifts, sectarian materials or potentially offensive items.
通過認為正式聲明中，圖書館館員可以轉移批評或檢查所產生從特殊利益集團，並禮貌地但堅定地拒絕不想要的禮物、宗派材料或潛在的進攻性項目。
4. The wider context 更廣泛的範圍
As individual libraries are increasingly unable to provide all their services by themselves, they are banding together into cooperatives, alliances and consortia.
個體圖書館漸增加無法提供所有本身的服務，他們正在聯合起來成為合作社，聯盟和聯營
For these ventures to work, there must be mutual knowledge and agreement on which library is collecting what.
對於這些合資圖書館工作,必須相互了解和協議於某一圖書館是收藏什麼
A written collection development policy therefore often serves as a basis for wider cooperation and resource sharing, whether in a locality, region, country, or even internationally.
寫館藏發展政策因此常常以此為基礎從更廣泛的合作和資源共享，無論是在一個地方、地區、國家甚至國際。
12/2館發
Diversity in Collection Development的中英翻譯及閱讀後的心得
查生字的成果
中英對照
Diversity in Collection Development
館藏發展的差異
An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights
解讀圖書館權利書
Collection development should reflect the philosophy inherent in Article II of the Library
Bill of Rights:
館藏發展應該反映圖書館權利書第二篇文章的主義內在:
“Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues.
「圖書館館員應該提供檢查當時和歷史指令的材料和資訊贈送所有點
Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.”
材料不應該被放逐或被移除，因為支持者或教養者不贊成
Library collections must represent the diversity of people and ideas in our society.
館藏發展可能表示我們社區內的人和主意的差異
There are many complex facets to any issue, and many contexts in which issues may be expressed, discussed, or interpreted.
有很多很複雜事實的命令和很多背景命令下可能被表達、決定、選擇
Librarians have an obligation to select and support access to materials and resources on all subjects that meet, as closely as possible, the needs, interests, and abilities of all persons in the community the library serves.
圖書館館員有義務在符合主題下選擇和支持接近的材料和資源,好像接近問題,在社區圖書館的服務下;所有人的需要、興趣和能力
Librarians have a professional responsibility to be inclusive, not exclusive, in collection development and in the provision of interlibrary loan.
圖書館管理員有包含專業的責任,不是唯一,在館藏發展和館際合作的供應
Access to all materials and resources legally obtainable should be assured to the user, and policies should not unjustly exclude materials and resources even if they are offensive to the librarian or the user.
合法地得到使用所有材料和資源是應該保證到使用者,和即使他們冒犯了圖書館管理員或使用者,方針也不應該是不公平的不包含材料和資源
This includes materials and resources that reflect a diversity of political, economic, religious, social, minority, and sexual issues.
這些材料和資源包括反映政治、經濟、宗教、社會、未成年、兩性命令的差異
A balanced collection reflects a diversity of materials and resources, not an equality of numbers.
在平衡收集反映物質和資料的差異的不等
Collection development responsibilities include selecting materials and resources in different formats produced by independent, small and local producers as well as information resources from major producers and distributors.
館藏發展責任包括了選擇在不同格式生產的物質和資源會被獨立,小型和當地的生產者好的資訊資源是由主要的生產商和供應商提供
Materials and resources should represent the languages commonly used in the library’s service community and should include formats that meet the needs of users with disabilities.
在圖書館服務社區和應該包括沒能力使用的讀者的格式，材料和資源應該表示為一般語言的使用
Collection development and the selection of materials and resources should be done according to professional standards and established selection and review procedures.
館藏發展和材料和資源的選擇應該被完成於相應專業標準和已建立選擇性和再檢查程序
Librarians may seek to increase user awareness of materials and resources on various social concerns by many means, including, but not limited to, issuing lists of resources, arranging exhibits, and presenting programs.
圖書館管理員可能尋找增加在不同社會涉及物質和資源從多方面的令使用者察覺
Over time, individuals, groups, and entities have sought to limit the diversity of library collections.
超過的時間,個體的、隊制的和實體的已尋找到限制圖書館收集的差異
They cite a variety of reasons that include prejudicial language and ideas, political content, economic theory, social philosophies, religious beliefs, sexual content and expression, and other potentially controversial topics.
他們引出包括引起偏見的語言和主意的原因多樣化,政治的滿足、經濟學說、社會的哲學、宗教的信任,兩性的滿足和經驗和其他的可能爭論的議題.
Examples of such censorship may include removing or not selecting materials because they are considered by some as racist or sexist; not purchasing conservative religious materials;
如審查可能包括移除或沒選擇材料,因為他們考慮的例子被一些種族主義者或性主義者,不購買保守的宗教材料,;
not selecting resources about or by minorities because it is thought these groups or interests are not represented in a community;
不選擇關於或被少數因為他們通過這些組織或興趣不是描述社區的資源;
or not providing information or materials from or about non-mainstream political entities.
或不是以從關於不主流的政治實體的資訊或材料.
Librarians have a professional responsibility to be fair, just, and equitable and to give all library users equal protection in guarding against violation of the library patron’s right to read, view, or listen to materials and resources protected by the First Amendment, no matter what the viewpoint of the author, creator, or selector.
圖書館管理員有專業描述較公平、恰好、公正和給圖書館用者等同保衛不違反圖書館贊助者的權利下進行閱讀、檢查或聆聽材料和資源的產生被第一修正案保護,沒有作者的觀點問題
Librarians have an obligation to protect library collections from removal of materials and resources based on personal bias or prejudice.
圖書館管理員有義務去保護圖書館的收集由個人的偏見或引起偏見的材料和資源基本調動
Intellectual freedom, the essence of equitable library services, provides for free access to all expressions of ideas through which any and all sides of a question, cause, or movement may be explored.
理智自由、等同圖書館服務的本質、提供從自由從接近問題、個案或移動的探測的主意通過任何和所有方面的表達
Toleration is meaningless without tolerance for what some may consider detestable.
容忍是從一些可能考慮討厭的無意義沒有寬大
Librarians must not permit their own preferences to limit their degree of tolerance in collection development.
圖書館管理員沒可能允許他們自己的偏愛而去限制他們寬大的同意於館藏發展
Adopted July 14, 1982, by the ALA Council; amended January 10, 1990; July 2, 2008.
1982年7月14日通過,由美國圖書館協會理事會,修正於1990年1月10日; 2008年7月2日。
閱讀心得
看完這篇文章，覺得自己的英文還是很不好，有很多的生字不會，而且還花了很久的時間去看懂。它的內容主要是在說明圖書館要提供多元化的資料，不可以因為審查或圖書館管理員的偏見而不購入某一些材料，而且圖書館的館藏也應該要滿足不同讀者的需要，也不可以因為圖書館管理員的喜好而購入自己喜好的書，因為圖書館是一個滿足讀者需求的地方。
查生字的成果
中英對照
Diversity in Collection Development
館藏發展的差異
An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights
解讀圖書館權利書
Collection development should reflect the philosophy inherent in Article II of the Library
Bill of Rights:
館藏發展應該反映圖書館權利書第二篇文章的主義內在:
“Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues.
「圖書館館員應該提供檢查當時和歷史指令的材料和資訊贈送所有點
Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.”
材料不應該被放逐或被移除，因為支持者或教養者不贊成
Library collections must represent the diversity of people and ideas in our society.
館藏發展可能表示我們社區內的人和主意的差異
There are many complex facets to any issue, and many contexts in which issues may be expressed, discussed, or interpreted.
有很多很複雜事實的命令和很多背景命令下可能被表達、決定、選擇
Librarians have an obligation to select and support access to materials and resources on all subjects that meet, as closely as possible, the needs, interests, and abilities of all persons in the community the library serves.
圖書館館員有義務在符合主題下選擇和支持接近的材料和資源,好像接近問題,在社區圖書館的服務下;所有人的需要、興趣和能力
Librarians have a professional responsibility to be inclusive, not exclusive, in collection development and in the provision of interlibrary loan.
圖書館管理員有包含專業的責任,不是唯一,在館藏發展和館際合作的供應
Access to all materials and resources legally obtainable should be assured to the user, and policies should not unjustly exclude materials and resources even if they are offensive to the librarian or the user.
合法地得到使用所有材料和資源是應該保證到使用者,和即使他們冒犯了圖書館管理員或使用者,方針也不應該是不公平的不包含材料和資源
This includes materials and resources that reflect a diversity of political, economic, religious, social, minority, and sexual issues.
這些材料和資源包括反映政治、經濟、宗教、社會、未成年、兩性命令的差異
A balanced collection reflects a diversity of materials and resources, not an equality of numbers.
在平衡收集反映物質和資料的差異的不等
Collection development responsibilities include selecting materials and resources in different formats produced by independent, small and local producers as well as information resources from major producers and distributors.
館藏發展責任包括了選擇在不同格式生產的物質和資源會被獨立,小型和當地的生產者好的資訊資源是由主要的生產商和供應商提供
Materials and resources should represent the languages commonly used in the library’s service community and should include formats that meet the needs of users with disabilities.
在圖書館服務社區和應該包括沒能力使用的讀者的格式，材料和資源應該表示為一般語言的使用
Collection development and the selection of materials and resources should be done according to professional standards and established selection and review procedures.
館藏發展和材料和資源的選擇應該被完成於相應專業標準和已建立選擇性和再檢查程序
Librarians may seek to increase user awareness of materials and resources on various social concerns by many means, including, but not limited to, issuing lists of resources, arranging exhibits, and presenting programs.
圖書館管理員可能尋找增加在不同社會涉及物質和資源從多方面的令使用者察覺
Over time, individuals, groups, and entities have sought to limit the diversity of library collections.
超過的時間,個體的、隊制的和實體的已尋找到限制圖書館收集的差異
They cite a variety of reasons that include prejudicial language and ideas, political content, economic theory, social philosophies, religious beliefs, sexual content and expression, and other potentially controversial topics.
他們引出包括引起偏見的語言和主意的原因多樣化,政治的滿足、經濟學說、社會的哲學、宗教的信任,兩性的滿足和經驗和其他的可能爭論的議題.
Examples of such censorship may include removing or not selecting materials because they are considered by some as racist or sexist; not purchasing conservative religious materials;
如審查可能包括移除或沒選擇材料,因為他們考慮的例子被一些種族主義者或性主義者,不購買保守的宗教材料,;
not selecting resources about or by minorities because it is thought these groups or interests are not represented in a community;
不選擇關於或被少數因為他們通過這些組織或興趣不是描述社區的資源;
or not providing information or materials from or about non-mainstream political entities.
或不是以從關於不主流的政治實體的資訊或材料.
Librarians have a professional responsibility to be fair, just, and equitable and to give all library users equal protection in guarding against violation of the library patron’s right to read, view, or listen to materials and resources protected by the First Amendment, no matter what the viewpoint of the author, creator, or selector.
圖書館管理員有專業描述較公平、恰好、公正和給圖書館用者等同保衛不違反圖書館贊助者的權利下進行閱讀、檢查或聆聽材料和資源的產生被第一修正案保護,沒有作者的觀點問題
Librarians have an obligation to protect library collections from removal of materials and resources based on personal bias or prejudice.
圖書館管理員有義務去保護圖書館的收集由個人的偏見或引起偏見的材料和資源基本調動
Intellectual freedom, the essence of equitable library services, provides for free access to all expressions of ideas through which any and all sides of a question, cause, or movement may be explored.
理智自由、等同圖書館服務的本質、提供從自由從接近問題、個案或移動的探測的主意通過任何和所有方面的表達
Toleration is meaningless without tolerance for what some may consider detestable.
容忍是從一些可能考慮討厭的無意義沒有寬大
Librarians must not permit their own preferences to limit their degree of tolerance in collection development.
圖書館管理員沒可能允許他們自己的偏愛而去限制他們寬大的同意於館藏發展
Adopted July 14, 1982, by the ALA Council; amended January 10, 1990; July 2, 2008.
1982年7月14日通過,由美國圖書館協會理事會,修正於1990年1月10日; 2008年7月2日。
閱讀心得
看完這篇文章，覺得自己的英文還是很不好，有很多的生字不會，而且還花了很久的時間去看懂。它的內容主要是在說明圖書館要提供多元化的資料，不可以因為審查或圖書館管理員的偏見而不購入某一些材料，而且圖書館的館藏也應該要滿足不同讀者的需要，也不可以因為圖書館管理員的喜好而購入自己喜好的書，因為圖書館是一個滿足讀者需求的地方。
11/25館發
圖書館學五律（Five Laws of Library Science），是由印度學者阮加那桑
1. 書貴為用（Books are for use）
2. 書為人而設（Books are for all）
3. 讀者有書（Every book its reader）
4. 節省讀者的時間（Save the time of reader）
5. 圖書館是一成長的有機體（Library is a growing organism）
新五律的內容如下：
1. 圖書館為全人類服務而存在（Library serve humanity）
2. 知識傳遞多面性（Respect all forms by which Knowledge is communicated）
3. 捍衛知識近用權（Protect free access to knowledge）
4. 善用科技提升服務品質（Use technology intelligently to enhanced service）
5. 眺望過去、展望未來（Honor the past and create the future）
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